英语语法:不定式
不定式由鈥 to十动词原形鈥澒钩桑浞穸ㄐ问绞氢 not to do鈥潱欢ㄊ娇梢源鲇锘蜃从锕钩刹欢ㄊ蕉逃铮挥腥顺坪褪谋浠惺碧陀锾谋浠欢ㄊ娇勺髦饔铩⒈鲇铩⒆从铩⒈碛锖投ㄓ铮荒艿ザ雷魑接铮欢ㄊ降穆呒饔镉惺庇免 for十名词或代词宾格鈥澒钩桑
1.不定式的用法:
l)作主语.不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用 it作形式主语.例如:
To see is to believe.
It is right to give up smoking.
2)作宾语.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用 it作形式宾语.例如:
He wanted to go.
I find it interesting to study work with him.
3)作宾语补足语.例如:
He asked me to do the work with him.
注意 :在 feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice, observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带 to.但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带 to.例如
I often hear him sing the song.
He is often heard to sing the song.
注意:不定式动词在介词 but,except,besides后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词 do的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带 to,否则要带 to.如:
She could do nothing but cry.
What do you like to do besides swim?
I have no choice but to go.
4)作定语.例如:
I have some books for you to read. 注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词.例如:
He is looking for a room to live in.
There is nothing to worry about.
Please give me a knife to cut with.
但是,不定式所修饰的名词如果是 time,place或 way,不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去.例如:
相关文章: | ◇ 不定式在句子的应用 | ◇ 动名词与不定式 |
◇ 省to 的动词不定式 | ◇ 英语教学中的顺口溜 |
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