英语语法:不定式(2)

2009-10-13  |  

  He had no money and no place to live.

  注②当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态,也可用被动语态,但其含义有所不同.试比较:

  A) Have you anything to send?

  你有什么东西要寄吗?

  (不走式 to send的动作执行者是 you)

  B) Have you anything to be sent?

  你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?(不定式 to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的 me或 someone else)

  5)作状语,表示目的、原因、结果或条件.例如:

  I came here to see you.(目的)

  We were very excited to hear the news.(原因)

  He hurried to the school to find nobody there.(结果)

  To look at him, you would like him.(条件)

  目的状语还可以用 in order to或 so as to来表示.如:

  In order to pass the exam, he worked very hard.

  We ran all the way so as not to be late.

  不定式也可在作表语用的形容词后面作状语.例如:

  I am very glad to hear it.

  The question is difficult to answer.

  “ too十形容词或副词十不定式”作状语.例如:

  He is too old to do that.

  另外句子中有 enough这个词时,常用不定式作状语.例如:

  The room is big enough to hold us.

  6)作表语.例如:

  My job is to help the patient.

  7)作独立成分.例如:

  To tell the truth, I don’t agree with you.

  8)不定式与疑问词 who,which,when,where,how,what等连用,在句中起名词作用,可充当主语、表语、宾语等.例如:

  He didn’t know what to say.(宾语)

  How to solve the problem is very important.(主语)

  My question is when to start. (表语)

 
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